Change Language :
Both ball screws and lead screws are used to convert rotary motion into linear motion, but they work in different ways and offer different performance characteristics. Lead screws use sliding contact between the screw and nut whereas ball screws use recirculating balls between the screw and nut. Both options aim to achieve low friction and high efficiency.
Deciding which one is the best for your application depends on factors such as; positioning accuracy, load, speed, stroke length, maintenance and environmental parameters.
| Features | Ball screw | Lead screw | dryspin® |
|---|---|---|---|
| Efficiency | Very high | Medium-high, depending on the design | High |
| Maintenance required | Maintenance required regularly | Maintenance free option available depending on the supplier | Maintenance free |
| Resistant to dirt | Intolerant to dirt | More tolerant to dirt | Dirt resistant |
| Cost | Higher | Lower | Lower than ball screws |
| Accuracy of positioning | Very high | Depends on design of lead screw and nut | Depends on design of lead screw and nut |
| Lubrication | Requires lubrication | Can operate with or without lubrication | Lubrication-free |
The key differences are weight, cost, precision and accuracy. While ball screws are more capable of high accuracy and precision over lead screws, lead screws offer a significant weight and cost reduction in comparison.
A ball screw is a mechanical component which rotates and converts this turning motion into a linear action. This is done with limited or low friction thanks to rolling contact as opposed to sliding.
Yes ball screws offer a higher efficiency compared to lead screws
Depending on the application, yes lead screws can replace ball screws however you need to be mindful that the precision and accuracy of a ball screw is more advanced than lead screws.
This will depend on the application. It is worth using our free online tools to see which lead screw variant it suggests and look at the technical data that is provided to see if the accuracy and precision is going to be sufficient for your application.
Yes, ball screws require lubrication, otherwise metallic abrasion will occur. The abrasion can block the entire system and quickly bring the application to a standstill without appropriate maintenance. However, the drylin® thread systems by igus® are the perfect alternative to conventional metal screw drives as their lead screw nuts are engineered with iglidur® high-performance polymers, making them lubrication-free.

Office hours
Monday to Friday from 8 am - 8 pm.
Live chat:
24h